Chickenpox (Varicella)
What is it?
Chickenpox is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It causes an itchy, blister-like rash, fever, tiredness, and loss of appetite. Most cases are mild, especially in vaccinated children.
How is it spread?
Chickenpox spreads easily from person to person through the air (coughing or sneezing) or direct contact with the fluid from blisters.
When is it contagious?
A person is contagious 1–2 days before the rash appears and remains contagious until all blisters have crusted over (usually about 4–7 days after the rash begins).
How is it diagnosed and treated?
Diagnosis is usually based on the appearance of the rash. Treatment focuses on comfort measures such as rest, fluids, and itch relief. Antiviral medication may be recommended for high-risk individuals.
Should the child stay home?
Yes. Children with chickenpox should stay home until all blisters have crusted or no new lesions appear within a 24-hour period.
How can we limit the spread?
- Vaccination is the best protection
- Keep infected individuals home until no longer contagious
- Avoid close contact with others